Listen Up ATC

by Wally Moran on May 9, 2012

While returning from Sun and fun in Lakeland Florida last month on an IFR flight plan, I was disappointed to hear several lectures from the ATC controllers to the enroute pilots. Yes, it was extra busy as it was Sunday the last day of the show and there were lots of planes out there trying to get some attention. But the lectures I heard from ATC did nothing to help the situation.

Almost every frequency I used on that flight had an ATC comment something like “Everyone listen up out there,” “Don’t all try to talk at once,” One fellow was so frustrated that he said “ Don’t anyone talk, just listen, I will do all the talking and you do the listening.” Not a very professional solution to the problem and in fact these lectures simply wasted air time and made the situation worse.

While I can clearly understand the frustration that the controllers were experiencing, I would like to remind them that we as pilots have already been trained to listen up. The greatest percentage of problems are not caused by pilots not listening up, it is the fact that with multiple users on one frequency, no one can tell exactly when the next guy is going to push that transmit button. So we often wind up pushing it at the same time. That is what was happening this day in Florida. This is nobody’s fault; it is just a product of our party line type communication system.

In my years of flying into and out of many very busy airports populated with skilled controllers and professional pilots, blocked transmissions still occurred on a regular basis. This is not because the pilots did not know to listen up; they just can’t tell when the other guy is going to push that button. Some of the best ATC controllers I have worked with take control the conversation when things get very busy. For example; they will ask pilots to hold their read back while they issue multiple clearances and then get the pilots one at a time to confirm the read back.

Now I know that there are some pilots who are so poor at communication that they may need a lecture and perhaps even remedial work. When that is the case, please give them a phone number and do that work off the air.

So pilots, let’s pause a moment to organize our thoughts before we push that button and of course listen. Mr. ATC controller, please don’t give us lectures on the frequency as they won’t improve the situation. We all need to work together to make this system work.

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Economical Traffic Detection -ZAON MRXa

by Wally Moran on February 24, 2012

Zaon MRXIn January of this year, I set out to buy an airplane that was reasonably fast and equipped for limited IFR flight. Given my budget, I did not expect to get a lot of fancy electronics.

What I ultimately purchased was a 1966 Mooney M-20C with a low time engine, Garmin 430W a second nav/com and no autopilot.

As my budget has recovered from the purchase expenses, I began to think about some upgrades to improve safety and my first choice was to get a ZAON portable collision avoidance system (PCAS) model MRXa. This is a little box about the size of a package of cigarettes, powered by two AA batteries and sits on the top of your instrument panel with Velcro. Nothing to hook up, it is totally self contained. The cost is just under $500. You can learn more at www.zaon.aero

This device detects other transponder equipped aircraft and presents the distance and relative altitude. The presentation is on a brightly lit screen which presents a digital display of the information. For example, the range screen may say 2.0 and the altitude screen +500. This means that there is traffic within 2 miles that is 500 above you. It does not give a direction for the traffic but, if you see the distance or altitude numbers getting smaller, that means you better start looking around. If they are getting bigger, no sweat. The unit has a set of menus that allow the operator to make the detection bubble larger or smaller as desired. It also has aural alerts that warn you as the traffic gets closer. Because of the small size, it can be easily carried in your flight bag and used in rental or club aircraft.

I first purchased one of these several years ago to use in a glider. Since fiberglass gliders do not show up well on radar and we fly near a class C airport, it seemed like a good investment to avoid getting run over by a jet. It has been working as advertised for about 5 years and has a few saves to its credit. The one I just purchased has a few more bells and whistles that make it even better.

Even though I get traffic advisories or am on IFR most of the time, having the PCAS makes life better. When ATC advises traffic, even though I can’t see it, I can watch it on the PCAS and ensure that we do have altitude separation and as the distance begins to increase, I know we are clear. I would also know quickly if the threat aircraft began a climb or descent as the PCAS gives you that information. All this without ever spotting the traffic.

When out of radar service, having a device in the cockpit that lets you know there is traffic in the vicinity, reminds you to keep your head outside the cockpit rather that to get distracted with an inside issue.

In my view adding the Zaon portable collision avoidance system was a great first step in making my Mooney flying as safe as I can. I intend to make my next safety upgrade a set of shoulder harness. In 1966 they did not come standard on aircraft.

Does anyone have any experience with other portable collision systems or any other good suggestions for reasonable cost, safety upgrades for these old airplanes?

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VSI – Use a fortune teller to improve your flying

by Wally Moran on December 5, 2011

Most of our instruments tell us where we are – not where we are going to be.  For example, the altimeter tells us we are at 7000 feet or the airspeed indicator tells us we are at 120 knots.  However, one of our instruments can see into the future. No, this is not a fancy computer with lots of data, but a simple instrument which almost never fails. It is the vertical speed indicator (VSI).

This often ignored and sometimes scorned instrument can truly make you a more precise and smoother pilot. For example, if you are trying to hold altitude and you see the vertical speed indicator showing a 200 FPM descent, guess what?  I can now predict that in 30 seconds you will be 100 feet off your altitude. See how it predicts the future? So if you heed this prediction and make a little correction, you will maintain your altitude. That is one way we can use a fortune teller to improve our flying.

As an instructor it is painful to watch a pilot doing slow flight and have the altitude and speed on for the moment, but not realize that the vertical speed is showing 200 or 300 FPM down. They seem so proud to be on the numbers but are unaware that if they don’t do something soon they will be out of limits. So, as we sink slowly below the PTS limits, they add a little power, but usually not enough to get that VSI needle pointing back up. Finally after we are well below our altitude they add enough power to get a climb going and guess what, here we go right through our altitude and up beyond the limit on the other side. Using the vertical speed as a fortune teller in this maneuver tells you where that altimeter will be in a minute or two. Good information to know. Watching the altimeter only tells you what’s already happened.

Same thing works on steep turns. If you establish a pitch attitude that gives you zero on the vertical speed indicator, you will hold your altitude. While pitch attitude is the primary focus on steep turns, the vertical speed indicator will still predict where you will soon be if nothing changes.

When making an approach with a glide slope (GPS or ILS), the vertical speed indicator is essential to staying on the glide slope. Again it will predict deviations before they are displayed on the glide slope indicator. If the required descent rate is 500 FPM and I notice that the vertical speed has just changed to 200 FPM, I can predict the next thing that will happen is that I will start getting high on the glide slope. If I recognize that the vertical speed is not correct and fix it before the glide slope needle moves, I don’t have to make two corrections. One correction to get back on the glide slope and another to return to the proper rate of descent.

We all know that it takes a constant descent rate to stay on the glide slope and the one instrument in the cockpit that tells us that information is the vertical speed indicator. When I began to realize that the vertical speed indicator was great at predicting where the glide slope needle was going to go next, my ILS approaches got much better.

So why don’t pilots pay more attention to the vertical speed? Maybe it is because there instructor told them not to pay any attention to it because it has a lag in its response. I was told that on my first lesson and it took me about 30 years of flying to realize that instructor was wrong. Yes, there is a small lag in the vertical speed indicator but it still predicts the future better than any other instrument I know of.

So if you want to stay ahead of your airplane, learn to get more use out of the instrument that predicts the future.

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Split Flap Emergency

September 6, 2011

This is a guest post from Jim Reed (Lt. Col. USAF Ret.) author of, “Turning Final, A Life Complete” Here is an example of an unwritten rule that I have used for years: If you’ve just done something and everything falls apart, put everything back where it was. As simple as it sounds, most folks [...]

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Stall Training

August 16, 2011

There has been a lot of talk recently about stalls. For example, the recent reports about the Airbus A-330 that crashed in the Atlantic between Brazil and Paris. Here apparently we had an airplane inadvertently flown into a deep stall by the pilot and for whatever reason he continued nose up inputs until the airplane [...]

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